Math is overrated. Nobody really needs math; if you find yourself needing some math you're probably reinventing some kind of wheel. Same with algorithms.
How do you deal with huge data: you just do.
There are tools for that, and you apply those and perhaps make new tools yourself, but math and algorithms tend to never enter the equation.
How do you deal with huge data: you just do. There are tools for that, and you apply those and perhaps make new tools yourself, but math and algorithms tend to never enter the equation.