> 'until' executes the statement before the condition.

This is not the case. From the Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 edition, 2.9.4 Compound Commands, The until loop:

    The format of the until loop is as follows:

    until compound-list-1
    do
        compound-list-2
    done

    The compound-list-1 shall be executed, and if it has a zero exit status, the until command completes. Otherwise, the compound-list-2 shall be executed, and the process repeats.