Erlang has historically been a bad choice for this, and there's been a lot of effort (dialyzer, records, maps etc) to make it better.

Dynamically typed languages are, in my experience, not worth the cost of maintenance and readability. In Elixir and Erlang it's possible to create function signatures that tell you almost nothing about the shape of the data you expect to pass in. This makes it really hard to collaborate at scale. Various attempts to enforce dialyzer use are usually met with 'we need to move faster' or 'we'll add them later'.

So if you want to write bug-free readable code, I think Rust is a much better choice. It's statically typed, and the addition of traits and lifetimes tell you so much about how a function or type will behave, and there's no need to sync specs or docs. The code doesn't lie.