It does "sort of" work on Chrome. It does give the end user a visual cue when typing in a name...the last 4 and the cc logo: http://i.imgur.com/2bY2Pes.png
But, if the end user doesn't notice or care about the visual cue, you can exploit it. Start typing in a name that has a credit card associated with it in Chrome's autofill: https://jsfiddle.net/hvs4ox2q/4/
FYI this doesn't work for credit card info, at least not in Chrome. That information has to be auto-filled separately.