I don't think its intuitive at all. We don't ask questions like "What parent folder did I put that document it?" We ask "Where is that document I printed yesterday. The one that I got via email."
With liberal use of tags, and the ability to browse them fluidly, we could ask those sort of questions.
The way that one person manages their documents probably isn't going to be the same as another, but generally a person is consistent with all their files.
In this case, it's either a document that you have several types of, in which case you would have an existing folder structure, or it's a one-off that you dump in My Documents along with all your other one-offs. Even if you lose it, file systems all keep date-time information, so you can easily search for the all the files last modified yesterday.
The problem with liberal tagging is that it requires a bunch of up-front effort that you're never going to perform. In this case, if it were an email, you'd just use your email browser (specialized software!) to find the document again based on the things you remember about it (date, source, size, etc).
I don't remember it by date or size or maybe even source. That's just parroting what we do now. I remember that I printed it. That could easily be a tag. The tags need not be created by me; the tools could be promiscuously tagging persistent data all the time, with useful clues. I'd learn some clues, learn to use them.
That 'my documents' thing - you could easily create a 'view' on tags that yielded that result. Without relying on Microsoft or whomever to do it for you.
With liberal use of tags, and the ability to browse them fluidly, we could ask those sort of questions.